Standards get enforced by various forms of blacklists or whitelists.
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Standards get enforced by various forms of blacklists or whitelists. What will likely happen eventually is that all major instances will only approve other instances to federate with, similar to email today kind of works. In order to get on the whitelist, you have to show that you comply with the minimum spam standards.
Two decades ago, you only needed to sign up to a website to get an email. Now, most third party email servers require user confirmation via other means like phone numbers, willingness to pay, or other valid email addresses.