If you had to jump off of the space station with with your friends, and all you could bring with you were your spacesuits, parachutes for each of you, and you had a magic device that had enough oxygen
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The weight of the device let’s say is 20 bananas and so that makes 2 fit astronauts and a stoner. Nobody knows why the stoner was on the space station to begin with.
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Do rockets aim straight up as they try to leave earth, why don’t they burn up on exit too
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The only reason things burn up when they enter the atmosphere is because they're moving so fast that the friction from the air generates too much heat.
So yes, if you slow yourself down enough then you could just float down like a feather in the wind.
I have no idea how fast is too fast.
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I think it would be cold I don’t know would a human size piece of space debris burn up?
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The issue here is that the ISS is travelling about 17,500 mph. Even if you somehow stopped yourself immediately (watch The Expanse to see what happens what happens when someone traveling very fast sudden comes to a complete stop) I think you would be falling too fast by the time you hit the atmosphere to fall safely. Heat starts being an issue over mach 1 and you'll be moving much fast than that. An unshielded astronaut suit would burn up quite fast in those conditions.
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Would it help if the station was in geosynchronous orbit
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Then it would be even higher up and you would be going even faster on re-entry
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Rockets do not aim straight up when they are leaving. They go straight up for a few seconds, and then they tilt over in the desired direction to pickup speed.
They don't burn up on the launch because they time the tilt over maneuver so that they get above nearly all of the atmosphere before they start picking up serious speed.
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Nope. You would hit the atmosphere moving even faster
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Everything burns up regardless of size. Big things might not finish burning by the time they hit the ground.
You need either enough thrust to slow you to ~mach 2, or a heat shield to do the same by aerobraking.
It's called aerobraking for a reason: you're using friction to turn kinetic energy into heat to slow down, but that heat goes into the air and your heat shield instead of brake pads and rotors.
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No. Jumping forward increases your elevation at the far orbit. Jumping back decreases it. But you'd end up back on where you jumped in one orbit either way.
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It's friction with the air.
You've experienced a strong guest of wind, now multiply that by 700x. At some point the temperature of the air is meaningless. The impact of you on those air particles gives them soo much energy they get white hot and radiate heat as energy, thereby heating you up. Like standing next to a fire.
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The intersection point of your orbit would be fixed in space, but because you have added or removed energy from yourself, your orbital period will be slightly different. When you come back around, the station will be a little bit ahead or behind where it was last orbit.
With each subsequent orbit, this gap would grow until you're on completely opposite sides of the planet at the intersection point, and then it would shrink. Eventually, the difference would come back around to zero and you would hit the station.
In theory, anyway. In reality, perturbations in your and the ISS' orbits would almost ensure you never hit it again for a very long time, if ever.
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If you fell straight down from the height of the orbit of the ISS, by the time you reached the thicker parts of the atmosphere, you would be travelling at around 2 km/s. Unprotected, this is enough energy to raise your temperature by 500 °C, but not all of that energy would actually go into you so you would be a little bit cooler. But suffice it to say, if you have to get off the ISS without a capsule, you're cooked.
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A freefall from space has not been demonstrated. The 40 km jumps done are well below the 100 km Karman line (accepted as the definition of space, but it's mostly an on-paper thing) and much lower than the 400-600 km orbit of the ISS. The thing about these jumps is they begin at ~0 km/h already in or just above where the atmosphere is significant. If you fall from significantly higher than this, you have a lot of altitude in freefall and the atmosphere is so thin that you won't slow down enough for it to matter, leading to a very high speed entry into the lower atmosphere.
Baumgartner's top speed was Mach 1.25. If you fell from the ISS, your speed when you got to where he began his fall would be around Mach 6-8.
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Orbits are all about speed, not height. To deorbit, you need to reduce your speed at the highest part of your orbit. This will lower the lowest part. You jump off the back. You would need to jump FAR harder than your legs are capable of though.
Unfortunately, the sheer speed will kill you, without shielding. As you hit the air, you are going so fast, the air can't get out of your way. You compress it ahead of you, that heats it up. It gets hot enough to melt most metals. The air will cook you, long before you get slow enough to use your parachute.
For comparison, terminal velocity (max speed you reach falling) is around 200km/h. Orbital velocity is 7km/s or around 25200km/h.
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20 bananas
Americans will truly use anything but the metric system
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You're going much too fast to hit the earth, you'll miss it and continue in orbit. To deorbit, you'll need a lot of things to throw in the other direction, like the oxygen from your magic tank. You'd need about a full rocket full of oxygen (~170 tons) to slow down, probably more because the exit velocity would be slower than a rocket.
The other issue with this scheme is you'd slow down too slowly. You'll start getting slower and lower, but you'd start to get into the atmosphere, which because you're still going so fast would cause you to not have a great time. So your magic oxygen bottle will also need a massive tube off the end of it, maybe a couple meters in diameter.
But if you had your magic infinite air tank with a huge tube off it, theoretically you could get back down to earth safely with just it, a space suit, and a parachute.
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By the time they're going fast enough, they're high enough they don't have much air to worry about. (And they do have an angle over too, not just straight up)
Missiles do go more or less go straight though the atmosphere horizontally. Most are slower than what we're taking about, but hypersonic missiles get close to rocket speeds. And they do need big heat shields to keep from melting immediately.
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If you just stepped outside of ISS you'll still be in an orbit around earth ( something something first law of motion) it would take you decades to loose enough energy to deorbit and if you survived that long without eating drinking shitting then good luck surviving the reentry.